Cultural Diversity Conservation in Historic Districts via Spatial-Gene Perspectives: The Small Wild Goose Pagoda District, Xi’an

Wenlong Lan, Junyi Li, Jiayi Wang, Yuxin Wang and Zhendong Lei (lzeast@sina.com)
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Wenlong Lan: Architecture College, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
Junyi Li: Architecture College, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
Jiayi Wang: Architecture College, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
Yuxin Wang: Architecture College, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
Zhendong Lei: Architecture College, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 5, 1-34

Abstract: The accelerating processes of globalization and modernization have imposed unprecedented anthropogenic pressures on the cultural diversity of historic districts, leading to the physical degradation of historical heritage and the fragmentation of cultural transmission chains. To address this challenge, this study establishes an innovative spatial-gene theoretical framework that seeks to balance heritage protection with urban development by integrating landscape characteristics and cultural connotations, thereby enhancing the conservation of cultural diversity in historic districts. Focusing on the historic Small Wild Goose Pagoda district as a case study, we developed a comprehensive methodology integrating field research, historical induction, spatial analysis, and place-making. Through this operational framework, we systematically identified four constitutive spatial genes: the mountain–water pattern, the urban-axis, the li-fang, and the architectural courtyard. These genetic elements inform a dual-regeneration strategy that promotes synergy and dialogue between old and new: (1) place-making guided by historical morphological grammar rules and (2) activity organization that reconfigures the value system of “openness and inclusiveness”. This research not only advances spatial-gene theory but also provides a replicable model for regenerating historic districts oriented toward cultural diversity, effectively combining historical authenticity with contemporary functionality to promote sustainable urban development.

Keywords: spatial genes; historic district; cultural diversity; Xi’an city; Small Wild Goose Pagoda (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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