Scales to Measure Consumer Ethnocentrism: A Guide for Researchers
José Felipe Jiménez Guerrero ()
Additional contact information
José Felipe Jiménez Guerrero: Department of Economics and Business, Mediterranean Research Center of Economics and Sustainable Development, CIMEDES, University of Almería, 04120 La Cañada, Spain
Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 6, 1-26
Abstract:
The study of consumer ethnocentrism is, and has been, widely studied in academic literature. The need to analyze what drives the consumer to adopt an attitude of rejection towards specific products/services from abroad is undoubtedly a crucial consideration for many companies wishing to access new markets. One of the most important reasons is, actually, the concern for sustainability in the production process, a key aspect to satisfy many consumers who are increasingly demanding environmentally sustainable products. With the aim of studying this characteristic of consumer behavior, various measurement scales have been proposed in the literature, with CETSCALE—developed by Shimp and Sharma in 1987—being the most commonly utilized. In the present work, we conduct a study of the different scales designed to measure consumer ethnocentrism, with the goal of offering researchers a comparative analysis of the advantages and drawbacks of these scales to guide them in their future research.
Keywords: ethnocentrism scales; E-scale; GENE; CETSCALE; CEESCALE; CES; SCONET (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:
Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/6/2635/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/6/2635/ (text/html)
Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.
Export reference: BibTeX
RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan)
HTML/Text
Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:6:p:2635-:d:1613834
Access Statistics for this article
Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu
More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().