The Significance of Herbicide–Humin Interactions in Sustainable Agroecosystems

Maria Jerzykiewicz (), Irmina Ćwieląg-Piasecka, Jerzy Weber, Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga, Elżbieta Jamroz, Andrzej Kocowicz, Magdalena Debicka, Jakub Bekier, Lilla Mielnik, Romualda Bejger, Magdalena Banach-Szott and Agnieszka Grabusiewicz
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Maria Jerzykiewicz: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14 St., 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
Irmina Ćwieląg-Piasecka: Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzka 53 St., 50-357 Wrocław, Poland
Jerzy Weber: Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzka 53 St., 50-357 Wrocław, Poland
Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga: Department of Soil Science and Environmental Analysis, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich St.8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
Elżbieta Jamroz: Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzka 53 St., 50-357 Wrocław, Poland
Andrzej Kocowicz: Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzka 53 St., 50-357 Wrocław, Poland
Magdalena Debicka: Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzka 53 St., 50-357 Wrocław, Poland
Jakub Bekier: Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzka 53 St., 50-357 Wrocław, Poland
Lilla Mielnik: Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, P. Pawła VI 3 St., 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
Romualda Bejger: Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, P. Pawła VI 3 St., 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
Magdalena Banach-Szott: Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz, Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7 Av., 85-789 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Agnieszka Grabusiewicz: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14 St., 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 8, 1-18

Abstract: Humin, as the most stable fraction in soil organic matter, determines possibility of sustainable environmental development by influencing, among other things, the binding and migration of different chemicals in soil. The aim of this paper was to determine changes in the properties of humins after interaction with three selected active substances of herbicides differing in structure and chemical properties (pendimethalin, metazachlor, and flufenacet) and two different commercial products. In accordance with OECD 106 guidelines, humins isolated from eight different soils were saturated with herbicide compounds under study. As humin is a non-hydrolyzable organic carbon fraction, solid state research techniques (elemental analysis, NMR, FTIR, EPR, and UV-Vis) were applied. The results clearly showed that the interaction between humin and herbicides increases the concentration of oxygen-containing groups and the internal oxidation (ω) in humin. For all investigated humins, a reduction in radical concentration was observed. Radicals in humins were not completely quenched; a certain concentration of radicals with unchanged structure always remained in the samples. Other spectroscopic analyses showed no significant changes in the structure of pesticide-saturated and non-saturated humins. This suggests that sorption of the studied compounds occurs on the humins only as a result of the interaction of physical forces on the surface of the studied organic matter fraction. Thus, interaction with the studied herbicides occurs as a surface phenomenon, and the inner core remains protected by the condensed structure and/or strong binding to the clay minerals.

Keywords: EPR; 13 C CP MAS NMR; FTIR; radicals (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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