Uncovering the Mechanism of Elevating High-Tech Export Competitiveness in China’s Sustainable Economic Development: Force of Digital Economy

Genhua Hu, Xuejian Zhang, Jing Yang, Wenda Sun and Tingting Zhu ()
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Genhua Hu: Anhui Institute for Innovation-Driven Development, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, China
Xuejian Zhang: School of Business, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, China
Jing Yang: School of Business, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, China
Wenda Sun: School of Finance, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 610074, China
Tingting Zhu: School of Business, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 8, 1-32

Abstract: The accelerating growth of the digital economy is fundamentally transforming international trade patterns and increasingly contributing to sustainable economic progress. Despite this, there is still limited research on how it influences the competitiveness of high-tech exports. Addressing this research gap, the present study investigates the mechanisms through which the digital economy strengthens the competitiveness of high-tech exports—an essential engine for sustainable growth. China, recognized as a leader in digital innovation, serves as the focal point of this analysis. Drawing on panel data spanning from 2011 to 2021 across 30 provincial-level regions (including municipalities and autonomous areas), we develop a multidimensional index that captures the extent of industrial digitalization, digital industrialization, and the digital development environment. Our econometric analysis uncovers direct and indirect mechanisms through which digitalization reduces trade costs, accelerates innovation-led business models, and lowers market entry barriers, thereby promoting sustainable industrial upgrading. Moreover, we reveal that digital integration contributes to narrowing regional disparities, fostering inclusive and resilient economic growth. A double-threshold effect is identified, where the initial high costs of digital adoption yield substantial long-term sustainability benefits. These findings offer critical insights for policymakers seeking to align high-tech industrial strategies with sustainable development goals, ensuring an equitable and innovation-driven digital economy.

Keywords: digital economy; high-tech products; export competitiveness; sustainable economic development (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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