Heavy Metal Biosorption Ability of EPS Obtained from Cultures of Fusarium culmorum Strains with Different Effects on Cereals

Jolanta Jaroszuk-Ściseł (), Artur Nowak, Małgorzata Pac-Sosińska, Dorota Kołodyńska and Iwona Komaniecka ()
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Jolanta Jaroszuk-Ściseł: Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
Artur Nowak: Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
Małgorzata Pac-Sosińska: Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
Dorota Kołodyńska: Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq.2., 20-031 Lublin, Poland
Iwona Komaniecka: Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 8, 1-19

Abstract: To develop a strategy for sustainable bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated environments, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of remediation using microorganisms. A huge bioremediation potential is possessed by fungi. Fusarium culmorum , with their wide range of plant hosts, can be the basis for creating sustainable phytoremediation technologies and for creating sustainable agriculture methods. Exopolymers (EPSs) produced by F. culmorum can be excellent metal sorbents and basic factors in the biosorption mechanism. The sorption capacities of zinc, lead, and cadmium by the EPS of a pathogenic DEMFc37 strain and two non-pathogenic strains (PGPF-DEMFc2 and DRMO-DEMFc5) were compared, and the effects of these metals on EPS synthesis by the three strains was determined. EPS samples were chemically characterised in regards to their sugar, protein, and phenolic compound contents and used to study metal binding. The concentrations of metals bound/adsorbed to EPS were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The EPSs of all the strains bound more than 80% of Zn, as well as 64–84% of Cd and 74–79% of Pb. Thus, it has been clearly shown that the use of F. culmorum EPSs can be the basis for creating sustainable bioremediation, including phytoremediation.

Keywords: bioremediation; extracellular polymers (EPS); Fusarium culmorum; cadmium; lead; zinc; PCA (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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