Design, Development, and Performance Evaluation of an Oxyhydrogen (HHO) Generator for Enhanced Fuel Efficiency

Charbel Akl (), Joseph Dgheim and Nemr El Hajj ()
Additional contact information
Charbel Akl: Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon
Joseph Dgheim: Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon
Nemr El Hajj: Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 9, 1-16

Abstract: The growing need for clean and efficient energy has led to more interest in hydrogen-based technologies for improving combustion. Oxyhydrogen (HHO) generators have become a possible way to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions in engines by adding hydrogen to the air–fuel mix. However, problems like energy loss, uneven hydrogen output, and inefficiency have slowed their use. This study looked at the design, development, and testing of a better HHO generator that solves these issues by adding a better cooling system and adjusting the potassium hydroxide (KOH) mixture (20 g, 25 g, and 30 g). The goal was to see how these changes affect hydrogen production, energy use, and system stability. The results showed that increasing the KOH mixture improved hydrogen production and electrical conductivity. The cooling system helped reduce energy loss and kept the output steady. The improved generator, using 30 g of KOH and the cooling system, produced a peak hydrogen concentration of 31 PPM—more than double that of a regular unit (14 PPM). It also worked with an efficiency of 21.4%, using 25 W of power compared to 30 W for the regular unit, saving 16.7% in energy. These findings show that this improved HHO generator could be a good and efficient solution for cars and renewable energy uses.

Keywords: HHO generators; hydrogen; fuel efficiency; emissions reduction; renewable energy; automotive industry (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/9/3811/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/9/3811/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:9:p:3811-:d:1640819

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().