Numerical Simulation Study on the Dynamic Diffusion Characteristics of Ammonia Leakage in Ship Engine Room

Xinyu Liu, Guogang Yang (), Baixun Sun, Jihui Li and Yinhui Sun
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Xinyu Liu: Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
Guogang Yang: Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
Baixun Sun: Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
Jihui Li: Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
Yinhui Sun: Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 9, 1-20

Abstract: This study established a numerical model for ammonia leakage and diffusion in confined ship engine room spaces and validated its effectiveness through existing experiments. The research revealed the evolution patterns of ammonia cloud dispersion under various working conditions. Multi-parameter coupling analysis demonstrated that the combined effect of leakage source location and obstacle distribution alters the spatial configuration of gas clouds. When leakage jets directly impact obstacles, the resulting vortex structures maximize the coverage area of high-concentration ammonia near the ground. Ventilation system efficiency shows a significant negative correlation with hazardous zone volume. The hazardous zone volume was reduced by 50% when employing a bottom dual-side air intake combined with a top symmetric exhaust scheme, compared to the bottom single-side intake with an opposite-side top exhaust configuration. By enhancing the synergistic effect between longitudinal convection and top suction, harmful gas accumulation in lower spaces was effectively controlled. These findings not only provide a theoretical basis for ventilation system design in ammonia-fueled ships but also offer practical applications for risk prevention and control of maritime ammonia leakage.

Keywords: ammonia leakage; hazardous zones; multi-parameter coupling; ship engine rooms; numerical simulation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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