Influence of Income Level and Seasons on Quantity and Composition of Municipal Solid Waste: A Case Study of the Capital City of Pakistan

Amina Zia, Syeda Adila Batool, Muhammad Nawaz Chauhdry and Soniya Munir
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Amina Zia: College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Syeda Adila Batool: Department of Space Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Muhammad Nawaz Chauhdry: College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Soniya Munir: Lecturer College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan

Sustainability, 2017, vol. 9, issue 9, 1-13

Abstract: The current study aims to analyze and compare the quantity and composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) at three socio-economic levels of population during all four seasons of the year (spring, summer, monsoon and winter). In this study, 2164.75 kg of MSW was evaluated, from 1260 samples collected from 45 households. The average waste generation was estimated to be 0.6 kg per capita per day. Waste generation rate for high, middle and low income groups was 0.890, 0.612 and 0.346 kg per capita per day, respectively. Nevertheless, season specific analysis indicated waste generation rates of 0.78, 0.58, 0.48 and 0.75 kg per capita per day in spring, summer, monsoon and winter, respectively. A two way ANOVA statistical analysis further illustrated a significant effect ( p = 0.00) of economic level and seasons on the amount and composition of waste generated by the community. Moreover, the collected waste was segregated into 42 categories, where the highest was the organic fraction (57%), then diapers (12%), followed by plastic (8%), cardboard (3%) and paper (2%). The amounts of textile, diapers and plastics were highest in the lowest income group, while tetra packs, metal, paper and yard waste were maximum in the high income group. It is concluded that the high income group generated the highest amount of waste and waste generation rate is higher in the seasons of spring and winter compared to the other two seasons.

Keywords: integrated waste management; income groups; seasonal influence; generation rate; Islamabad (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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