VFR Travel in Turkey during and Post-COVID-19

Elisa Zentveld, Günay Erol and Ebru Düşmezkalender
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Elisa Zentveld: Institute of Innovation, Science, and Sustainability, Federation University, P.O. Box 663, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
Günay Erol: Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Tourism Faculty, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, 50300 Nevsehir, Turkey
Ebru Düşmezkalender: Department of Tourism Management, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey

Tourism and Hospitality, 2022, vol. 3, issue 3, 1-15

Abstract: Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR) travel is a significant component of travel across the globe. Whilst COVID-19 impacted all travel in all countries, its impact on VFR in certain cultures was particularly pronounced. Aside from reconnecting socially with friends and relatives, in some cultures, certain ceremonies and rituals were compromised, meaning a complex choice for residents between focusing on global health information (e.g., avoiding contact, especially with elderly who are at risk) and disobeying significant cultural rituals that signify respect and importance. Whilst most VFR travel research has focused on western countries, this research examined the impact of COVID-19 travel restrictions and health warnings on VFR travel in the country of Turkey. The significance of COVID-19 to VFR travel in Turkey is explained, and implications for the future are put forward.

Keywords: VFR travel; visiting relatives; Turkey; VFR hosts; visiting friends and relatives; COVID-19 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Z3 Z30 Z31 Z32 Z33 Z38 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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