Marital Interactions as Predictors of Symptoms Severity in Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia

Ghassan El-Baalbaki, Claude Bélanger, Steffany Fredman, Donald Baucom, Roger Marcaurelle and André Marchand

International Journal of Psychological Studies, 2011, vol. 3, issue 2, 107

Abstract: Several studies showed associations among marital variables and panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA)symptomatology. However, very few explored this issue using behavioural coding of couples’ interactions. We conducted this study to investigate whether observed marital interaction patterns would predict PDA severity.Cross-sectional, pre-treatment multi-center study of 65 married couples in which one spouse was diagnosed withpanic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA).All participants completed seven self-reported PDA symptoms measures commonly used in PDA research andtwo self-reported marital measures. Couples were observed during a 15-minute video-taped problem-solving task.The spouses’ marital interactions were coded by two independent coders using two validated observationalcoding systems.After controlling for socio-economical variables, the presence of negative marital interaction patterns, namelycriticism and dominance behaviour, predicted higher symptom severity, whereas the presence of positiveinteraction patterns, namely support and validation behaviours, predicted lower symptom severity . Emotionalover-involvement of the non-PDA partner, a manifestation of expressed emotions, failed to predict PDA severity.Discord in the couple could exacerbate the PDA and maintain it. A therapist evaluating a married PDA clientmay need to assess his or her client’s marital interaction patterns with his or her partner and adjust hisintervention accordingly.

Date: 2011
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