Developing Specialized Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos in Dairy Farms in Nakuru County

Miriam Natecho Wepukhulu, Peter Muturi Wachira, Paul Sifuna Oshule and Suliman Essuman

Journal of Agricultural Science, 2024, vol. 16, issue 9, 77

Abstract: Chlorpyrifos (CP), a widely used organophosphate in Kenya, poses significant human health risks due to its high solubility. This study aimed to isolate CP-degrading bacteria from dairy farm soils in Nakuru County and develop bacterial consortia for efficient degradation. Soil samples were collected from six sub-counties- Molo, Njoro, Rongai, Subukia, Gilgil, and Naivasha. The enrichment culture technique using minimal salt medium (MSM) was employed to isolate CP-degrading bacterial strains. Seven bacterial strains were identified- Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus weihenstephanensis, Bacillus toyonensis, Alcaligenes sp., Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas japonicum, and Brevundimonas diminuta. Bacillus weihenstephanensis exhibited the highest individual degradation efficiency at 79.8%. Consortia treatments demonstrated enhanced degradation, with consortia M1, M2, and M3 achieving removal efficiencies of 91.3%, 92.48%, and 93.76%, respectively, and M5 achieving 95.32%. The study also monitored 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), a CP metabolite, showing that consortia treatments significantly reduced TCP levels to near initial concentrations. Kinetic analysis revealed consortia had significantly shorter half-lives for CP degradation compared to individual isolates, indicating improved bioremediation potential. The findings underscore the potential of using tailored bacterial consortia for effective bioremediation of CP-contaminated environments. Future research should focus on field trials to validate these laboratory findings under real-world conditions and explore the genetic and enzymatic mechanisms underlying CP degradation.

Date: 2024
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