ISLAMIC ENDOGENOUS MONEY: EVIDENCE FROM THE ISLAMIC BANKING SYSTEM IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA

Khoirul Umam (), Abdul Ghafar Ismail () and Jaka Sriyana
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Khoirul Umam: Universitas Darussalam Gontor, Indonesia
Abdul Ghafar Ismail: Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Malaysia

Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 2021, vol. 7, issue 3, 545-560

Abstract: This paper proposes a theoretical model of endogenous Islamic money and empirically analyses the endogeneity of Islamic money supply under fiat and fractional reserve systems. The causal relations between Islamic money and macro and financial variables are assessed using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and error-correction modelling (ECM). The results suggest that the greater the maturity and the larger the asset share in the Islamic financial system, the better the endogeneity of money. They also reveal that the profit and loss sharing system can connect the economy to money, minimise the exogenous potential of the fractional reserve requirement system, and eliminate the exogenous feature of the fiat money system. Accordingly, the study argues that an Islamic endogenous money system can be developed in fiat and fractional reserve banking systems.

Keywords: Endogenous Islamic money; Islamic M2; Indonesian Islamic banks; Malaysian Islamic banks (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: G18 G21 G28 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:idn:jimfjn:v:7:y:2021:i:3f:p:545-560

DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v7i3.1351

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