Gender as a determinant of informal capital in the financing of small firms' start-ups: Swedish data

Saeid Abbasian and Darush Yazdanfar

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2015, vol. 24, issue 2, 249-267

Abstract: This research explores the differences in informal capital acquisition between female- and male-owned firms in the start-up stage in Sweden. A binary logistic regression model is used to analyse a sample including 836 female- and 1928 male-owned firms in 2008, providing 47,022 observations. The results indicate that the main explanatory variable, gender, is significant in distinguishing between female- and male-owned firms with regards to the use of informal capital in terms of loans from family members. Thus, female-owned firms tend to rely more on loans from family members than male-owned firms. The findings also indicate that one control variable, namely owners' previous experience of starting up a company, negatively influences the use of loans from family members as a financing source in the start-up stage. This study is based on a unique and large sample including many different variables compared with previous research. Knowledge on the differences between Swedish female- and male-owned firms in using informal capital in the start-up stage is limited and ambiguous. The presented results contribute to research into small firm financing by adding insight into the relationships between informal capital acquisition, gender, and other relevant variables.

Keywords: female-owned firms; women entrepreneurs; small business finance; funding sources; gender; entrepreneurship; informal capital; small firms; start-ups; Sweden; start-up financing; family member loans; family members; capital acquisition. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ids:ijesbu:v:24:y:2015:i:2:p:249-267

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