Use of sewage sludge ash (SSA) in the production of cement and concrete - a review

Rafiu O. Yusuf, Zainura Zainon Noor, Moh'd Fadhil Moh'd Din and Ahmad H. Abba

International Journal of Global Environmental Issues, 2012, vol. 12, issue 2/3/4, 214-228

Abstract: The use of recycled sewage sludge ash (SSA) in Portland cement and concrete has attracted a lot of global interest due the increase in sludge production and the limitation of land availability where it is used as a soil conditioner. These are in addition to rising environmental concerns. The major components of SSA are SiO₂, CaO, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO and P₂O₅. These compounds, in theory, make SSA a good pozzolanic material because when finely ground, SSA is found to be cementitious. Thus it can be used as cement replacement in Portland cement and concrete. Some of the advantages include reduction in waste disposal costs, provision of excellent sustainable practices, conservation of the environment provision of partial solution to land limitation problem for landfill. Some of its disadvantages are in terms of pozzolanic activity and strength coupled with high water demand which could be solved by adequate modification and treatment. This paper reviews the various use of SSA and summarises the progress made in the development of SSA as a partial replacement for Portland cement and concrete.

Keywords: pozzolanic material; cement production; concrete production; sewage sludge ash; SSA; waste disposal costs; sustainability; sustainable development; alternative materials. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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