Assessing Technical Efficiency of Chinese and GCC Cargo Seaports and Its Impact on Supply Chain Logistics and Free Trade Zones

Abed Alshreef, Aza Azlina Md Kassim, Kazeem Alasinrin Babatunde and Osman Ghanem
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Abed Alshreef: Management and Science University, Malaysia
Aza Azlina Md Kassim: Management and Science University, Malaysia
Kazeem Alasinrin Babatunde: School of Business, Monash University, Malaysia
Osman Ghanem: Beijing Jiaotong University, China

International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management (IJABIM), 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Seaports are vital for enabling efficient cross-border trade. This study examines the efficiency of the China Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries' seaports within the Belt and Road Initiative using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Charnes-Cooper-Rhodes and the DEA Banker-Charnes-Cooper input-oriented models. From 2001–2023, technical, pure technical, and scale efficiencies were assessed and ranked across decision-making units. MaxDEA ULTRA was used for slack analysis and benchmarking. Results show that several Chinese and GCC seaports achieved full efficiency (score = 1), with Bahrain's ports nearing optimal performance (constant return to scale = 0.96). The findings are crucial for boosting trade logistics not only in China and the GCC, but also across Central Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia, enhancing connectivity and regional integration along Belt and Road Initiative routes.

Date: 2025
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