Towards Robust Invariant Commutative Watermarking-Encryption Based on Image Histograms

Roland Schmitz, Shujun Li, Christos Grecos and Xinpeng Zhang
Additional contact information
Roland Schmitz: Stuttgart Media University, Stuttgart, Germany
Shujun Li: University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
Christos Grecos: Independent Imaging Consultant, Glasgow, UK
Xinpeng Zhang: Shanghai University, Shanghai, China

International Journal of Multimedia Data Engineering and Management (IJMDEM), 2014, vol. 5, issue 4, 36-52

Abstract: Invariant Commutative Watermarking-Encryption means to use a cipher that does not have any impact on a certain feature space, which can thus be used for embedding watermarks either before or after encryption. For example, histogram-based watermarking schemes are invariant to pixel permutations and can be combined with permutation-based ciphers to form a Commutative Watermarking-Encryption (CWE) scheme. However, typical histogram-based watermarking schemes based on comparison of histogram bins are prone to de-synchronization attacks, where the whole histogram is shifted by a certain amount. In this paper the authors investigate the possibility to avoid this kind of attacks by synchronizing the embedding and detection processes, using the mean of the histogram as a calibration point. The resulting watermarking scheme is resistant to three common types of shifts of the histogram, while the advantages of previous histogram-based schemes, especially commutativity of watermarking and permutation-based encryption, are preserved. The authors also report on the results of testing robustness of the scheme against JPEG and JPEG2000 compression.

Date: 2014
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve. ... 18/ijmdem.2014100103 (application/pdf)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:igg:jmdem0:v:5:y:2014:i:4:p:36-52

Access Statistics for this article

International Journal of Multimedia Data Engineering and Management (IJMDEM) is currently edited by Chengcui Zhang

More articles in International Journal of Multimedia Data Engineering and Management (IJMDEM) from IGI Global
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Journal Editor ().