Synthesis and Characterization of Hexagonal Shaped Nanocrystalline Zinc Oxide Powders

M. Ahmad, E. Ahmed, N. R. Khalid, M. J. Jackson and W. Ahmed
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M. Ahmad: B. Z. University, Multan, Pakistan
E. Ahmed: B. Z. University, Multan, Pakistan
N. R. Khalid: B. Z. University, Multan, Pakistan
M. J. Jackson: Bonded Abrasive Consultancy Group, USA
W. Ahmed: University of Central Lancashire, UK

International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering (IJMMME), 2012, vol. 2, issue 2, 61-76

Abstract: Nanocrystalline ZnO powders are synthesized using a quick, simple and inexpensive combustion method. Glycine and zinc nitrate, used as fuel and oxidant/cation sources respectively, were mixed together at room temperature to form a slurry or gel. A series of experiments were performed to synthesize nanoparticles for different fuel to oxidant ratios. The rate of heating and stirring greatly influenced the combustion process. The as-synthesized powder was heat treated at elevated temperatures for varying time to remove adsorbed impurities from the surface of the ZnO nanoparticles. Both the as-synthesized and heat treated powders were characterized using a variety of analytical techniques. The hexagonal wurtzite phase of the ZnO powder was revealed from x-ray diffraction measurements. A decrease in the x-ray diffraction density (Dx) and the bulk density (D) resulted in an increase in percentage porosity (%P) of as-synthesized and heat treated ZnO powders. The range of fuel to oxidant ratios used in the present work indicates that they had a strong influence on the grain size of ZnO powders. The average grain size estimated by using the Scherer formula indicated an approximate value of 6-21 nm for the as-synthesized and heat treated samples.

Date: 2012
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