A Scalable Sharding Protocol Based on Cross-Shard Dynamic Transaction Confirmation for Alliance Chain in Intelligent Systems

Nigang Sun, Junlong Li, Yining Liu and Varsha Arya
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Nigang Sun: School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, China
Junlong Li: School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Changzhou University, China
Yining Liu: School of Computer and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, China
Varsha Arya: Department of Business Administration, Asia University, Taiwan, & Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, India, & Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon, & Chandigarh University, Chandigarh, India

International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 2023, vol. 19, issue 1, 1-30

Abstract: Applying sharding protocol to address scalability challenges in alliance chain is popular. However, inevitable cross-shard transactions significantly hamper performance even at low ratios, negating scalability benefits when they dominate as shard scale grows. This article proposes a new sharding protocol suitable for alliance chain that reduces cross-shard transaction impact, improving system performance. It adopts a directed acyclic graph ledger, enabling parallel transaction processing, and employs dynamic transaction confirmation consensus for simplicity. The protocol's sharding process and node score mechanism can deter malicious behavior. Experiments show that compared with mainstream sharding protocols, the protocol performs better when affected by cross-shard transactions. Moreover, its throughput has shown improvement compared to high-performance protocols without cross-shard transactions. This solution suits systems requiring high throughput and reliability, maintaining a stable performance advantage even as cross-shard transactions increase to the usual maximum ratio.

Date: 2023
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