A Web Semantic-Based Text Analysis Approach for Enhancing Named Entity Recognition Using PU-Learning and Negative Sampling

Shunqin Zhang, Sanguo Zhang, Wenduo He and Xuan Zhang
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Shunqin Zhang: School of Mathematics Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Sanguo Zhang: School of Mathematics Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Wenduo He: Institute for Network Sciences and Cyberspace (INSC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Xuan Zhang: Tsinghua University, China

International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 2024, vol. 20, issue 1, 1-23

Abstract: The NER task is largely developed based on well-annotated data. However, in many scenarios, the entities may not be fully annotated, leading to serious performance degradation. To address this issue, the authors propose a robust NER approach that combines a novel PU-learning algorithm and negative sampling. Unlike many existing studies, the proposed method adopts a two-step procedure for handling unlabeled entities, thereby enhancing its capability to mitigate the impact of such entities. Moreover, this algorithm demonstrates high versatility and can be integrated into any token-level NER model with ease. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on several classic NER models and datasets, demonstrating its strong ability to handle unlabeled entities. Finally, the authors achieve competitive performances on synthetic and real-world datasets.

Date: 2024
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