Why Projects Are “Always” Late: A Rationale Based on Manual Simulation of a PERT/CPM Network
Richard J. Schonberger
Additional contact information
Richard J. Schonberger: Department of Management, University of Nebraska---Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588
Interfaces, 1981, vol. 11, issue 5, 66-70
Abstract:
The conventional procedure for determining the expected project completion time is to find the critical path; its duration is treated as the expected completion time for the project. It is known among the community of system simulation scholars, however, that deterministic critical path analysis yields certain conclusions that may be disproven via Monte-Carlo simulation of a project network. (Klingel observed this in 1966.) Although the body of literature on network simulation has grown a good deal in recent years, the concepts generally have not found a place in the decision processes of practicing project managers. In view of the erroneous expectations that deterministic network analysis leads to, there seems to be a need to disseminate network simulation truths more widely and effectively. The approach taken in this paper is to explain the phenomenon of projects “always” being late by proving, in the simplest way possible, that the deterministic critical path understates the likely project duration. The proof is developed via a manual method of simulating a simple network using probabilistic activity times. Some generalizations for improved project management, based on network simulation based concepts, are offered in the final portion of the paper.
Keywords: networks; project management: PERT/CPM; simulation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 1981
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)
Downloads: (external link)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/inte.11.5.66 (application/pdf)
Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.
Export reference: BibTeX
RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan)
HTML/Text
Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:inm:orinte:v:11:y:1981:i:5:p:66-70
Access Statistics for this article
More articles in Interfaces from INFORMS Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Chris Asher ().