Economic Liberalization and the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Some Empirical Evidence

Yaghoob Jafari, Maryam Farhadi, ANDREA Zimmermann, and Masoud Yahoo ()
Additional contact information
Yaghoob Jafari, Maryam Farhadi, ANDREA Zimmermann, and Masoud Yahoo: : Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn
Authors registered in the RePEc Author Service: Andrea Zimmermann and Maryam Farhadi ()

Journal of Economic Development, 2017, vol. 42, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: This paper applies the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) model to examine the impact of trade openness, foreign direct investment liberalization, the decreasing role of the state, energy consumption and urbanization on per capita emission in countries at various stages of economic development and as a group. For this purpose, a dynamic panel estimation applying the Arellano-Bond¡¯s Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) was conducted using the average of five-year observations from 1980?2009. The findings suggest that while trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) are not expected to affect environmental quality, increasing role of the state has a negative and significant impact only in developed countries. Further, the results suggest that energy consumption has a significant impact on all countries regardless of their stage of development, while urbanization affects environmental quality only in the least developed countries.

Keywords: Environmental Kuznets Curve; Economic Liberalization; Trade; Panel Analysis; Generalized Method of Moments (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F18 F64 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://jed.or.kr/full-text/42-1/1.pdf (application/pdf)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:jed:journl:v:42:y:2017:i:2:p:1-16

Access Statistics for this article

Journal of Economic Development is currently edited by Sung Y. Park

More articles in Journal of Economic Development from Chung-Ang Unviersity, Department of Economics Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sung Y. Park ().