Managing admission and discharge processes in intensive care units

Jie Bai, Andreas Fügener, Jochen Gönsch, Jens O. Brunner () and Manfred Blobner
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Jie Bai: School of Medicine, University of Ulm
Andreas Fügener: University of Cologne
Jochen Gönsch: University of Duisburg-Essen
Jens O. Brunner: University of Augsburg
Manfred Blobner: Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar

Health Care Management Science, 2021, vol. 24, issue 4, No 2, 666-685

Abstract: Abstract The intensive care unit (ICU) is one of the most crucial and expensive resources in a health care system. While high fixed costs usually lead to tight capacities, shortages have severe consequences. Thus, various challenging issues exist: When should an ICU admit or reject arriving patients in general? Should ICUs always be able to admit critical patients or rather focus on high utilization? On an operational level, both admission control of arriving patients and demand-driven early discharge of currently residing patients are decision variables and should be considered simultaneously. This paper discusses the trade-off between medical and monetary goals when managing intensive care units by modeling the problem as a Markov decision process. Intuitive, myopic rule mimicking decision-making in practice is applied as a benchmark. In a numerical study based on real-world data, we demonstrate that the medical results deteriorate dramatically when focusing on monetary goals only, and vice versa. Using our model, we illustrate the trade-off along an efficiency frontier that accounts for all combinations of medical and monetary goals. Coming from a solution that optimizes monetary costs, a significant reduction of expected mortality can be achieved at little additional monetary cost.

Keywords: Intensive care unit; Admission and discharge decisions; Markov decision process; Dynamic programming; Operations research (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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DOI: 10.1007/s10729-021-09560-6

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