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The effects of a risk-based approach to tax examinations: evidence from a tax pilot programme in Tanzania

Amina Ebrahim (), Elineema Kisanga, Ezekiel Swema (), Vincent Leyaro (), Edwin Mhede, Ephraim Mdee (), Heikki Palviainen () and Jukka Pirttilä ()
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Amina Ebrahim: United Nations World Institute for Development Economics Research
Elineema Kisanga: University of Dar Es Salaam
Ezekiel Swema: Tanzania Revenue Authority
Vincent Leyaro: University of Dar Es Salaam
Ephraim Mdee: Tanzania Revenue Authority
Heikki Palviainen: Tampere University
Jukka Pirttilä: University of Helsinki

International Tax and Public Finance, 2025, vol. 32, issue 3, No 8, 871 pages

Abstract: Abstract Technical assistance and increased use of ICT in tax administrations hold promise for greater revenue collection. Yet, the evidence on how these activities work in the real-world circumstances of developing countries is scant. The paper attempts to fill this gap by evaluating an intervention undertaken jointly by the Finnish and Tanzanian revenue administrations. The programme introduced a new risk-based case selection method for enhancing the effectiveness of firm tax examinations in Tanzania complemented by supplementary staff training and developing management practices. Our results, stemming from a difference-in-differences analysis and administrative data from the Tanzanian Revenue Authority, indicate that the intervention increased the corrected amount of taxable income by approximately 20% during the first year of the new approach.

Keywords: Risk-based approach; Firm tax audits; Tanzania (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C93 H26 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s10797-024-09858-5

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