State-Level LGBTQ + Policies and Experiences of Interpersonal Discrimination among Sexual and Gender Minority People

Alex J. Bates (), Claire M. Kamp Dush () and Wendy D. Manning ()
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Alex J. Bates: University of Minnesota
Claire M. Kamp Dush: University of Minnesota
Wendy D. Manning: Bowling Green State University

Population Research and Policy Review, 2024, vol. 43, issue 5, No 4, 13 pages

Abstract: Abstract Objectives To quantify the role of state-level lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+)-related policies on experiences of discrimination in a population-representative sample of partnered individuals. Methods An adjusted multilevel random-intercept logistic regression model with individuals (level-1) nested within states (level-2) and a cross-level interaction term between gender/sexual identity and policy score was used to estimate the predicted probability of any experiences of discrimination for cisgender heterosexual, transgender and non-binary, and cisgender sexual minority respondents. Results Experiences of discrimination in the past month were more common amongst transgender and non-binary (90.2%) respondents compared to their cisgender sexual minority (74.0%) or cisgender heterosexual (73.2%) counterparts. When compared to cisgender heterosexual respondents, the interaction term was found to be statistically significant for only transgender and non-binary (OR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.88, 0.98]) but not cisgender sexual minority respondents (OR = 0.99, 95% CI [0.97, 1.01]). Indicating that as state policy environments became more protective the odds of experiencing discrimination decreased at a more substantial rate for transgender and non-binary respondents when compared to cisgender sexual minority or cisgender heterosexual respondents. Conclusions Transgender and non-binary individuals experience more discrimination compared to their cisgender sexual minority or cisgender heterosexual counterparts. State-level LGBTQ + policy protections amplified the relationship between gender identity and experiences of discrimination.

Keywords: Sexual and Gender Minorities; Policy; Perceived Discrimination (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09907-1

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