Expansion of the Digital Realm: Analyzing DESI and Digital Transformation Across EU Member States, with a Focus on Spain and Italy: A Cluster Analysis

Zahra Zeinali () and Riccardo Mussari ()
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Zahra Zeinali: University of Siena
Riccardo Mussari: University of Siena

Public Organization Review, 2025, vol. 25, issue 3, No 20, 1233-1273

Abstract: Abstract Digitalization is central to economic growth and sustainability, with government-provided digital services shaping public sector innovation. This study assesses digital transformation in European Union public services using the 2023 Digital Economy and Society Index. A systematic literature review and cluster analysis identify disparities across 27 EU nations in user-centricity, transparency, cross-border services, and key technologies. Findings reveal digital governance challenges, emphasizing cybersecurity, data privacy, and interoperability. Recommendations include enhancing transparency, fostering collaboration, and advancing open data policies. The study provides actionable insights for strengthening digital infrastructure and user-oriented strategies, shaping the future of public administration in the European Union.

Keywords: Digital transformation; Digital services availability; User-centricity; Transparency; Key enablers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s11115-025-00836-x

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