Competition Between Offline and Online Retailers with Heterogeneous Customers

Stefano Colombo () and Noriaki Matsushima

Review of Industrial Organization, 2020, vol. 57, issue 3, No 8, 647-664

Abstract: Abstract We consider the spatial competition between two traditional physical (or offline) retailers and an Internet (or online) retailer where the efficiency of the latter differs from that of the former. We assume that consumers are heterogeneous across two dimensions: (1) the costs of traveling to either of the offline retailers; and (2) the costs of purchasing from the online retailer. Both dimensions depend on the spatial location of consumers and are independent of each other. We show that the online retailer maximizes its profit at an intermediate level of the consumer disutility of online purchase when its efficiency is low.

Keywords: E-commerce; Game theory; Horizontal differentiation; Vertical differentiation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D43 L13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Working Paper: Competition between offline and online retailers with heterogeneous customers (2019)
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DOI: 10.1007/s11151-019-09734-1

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