Happy Free Willies? Investigating the relationship between freelancing and subjective well-being

Peter Zwan (), Jolanda Hessels and Martijn Burger
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Peter Zwan: Leiden University
Jolanda Hessels: Erasmus University Rotterdam

Small Business Economics, 2020, vol. 55, issue 2, No 13, 475-491

Abstract: Abstract In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the number of own-account workers (the self-employed without employees), including freelancers, in many developed economies. Despite the importance of the group of freelancers for modern economies, little is known about the perceived benefits of freelancing. We use six waves of the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study (“Understanding Society”, 2009–2015) to investigate subjective well-being levels of freelancers in terms of satisfaction with life, work, leisure time, income and health. Although freelancing jobs are uncertain and temporary, our cross-sectional (pooled ordinary least squares (OLS)) and longitudinal (fixed-effects) analyses reveal that freelancers are on par regarding life satisfaction with other own-account workers, employers (self-employed workers with employees) and wage workers. The most striking result is that freelancers are significantly more satisfied with their leisure time than other own-account workers, employers and wage workers. Also, freelancers score significantly higher in terms of work satisfaction than wage workers, but do not exceed other own-account workers and employers in terms of work satisfaction. Freelancers are equally satisfied with their health as other own-account workers and employers. In sum, the analysis of several subdomains of life reveals much how different groups of self-employed workers score regarding their overall subjective well-being.

Keywords: Freelancers; Independent professionals; Own-account workers; Solo self-employment; Subjective well-being; Satisfaction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I31 J28 L24 L26 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (10)

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DOI: 10.1007/s11187-019-00246-6

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