 Donne e fecondita' nelle Marche nel Secondo Dopoguerra [Employment, education and fertility in Marche region in the second half of XX century]Barbara Zagaglia () and
Marcantonio Caltabiano
Economia Marche / Journal of Applied Economics, 2011, vol. XXX, issue 2, 111-143 Abstract: In questo lavoro sono analizzate le trasformazioni della condizione femminile e del comportamento riproduttivo avvenute nelle Marche nel Secondo Dopoguerra. Obiettivo Š analizzare la diffusione dell'istruzione e della partecipazione al mercato del lavoro, ampiamente riconosciute dalla letteratura come elementi fondanti del comportamento riproduttivo, e di collegarle ai mutamenti della fecondita'. Le trasformazioni dello status femminile e della fecondita' risultano evidenti e fortemente connesse tra loro solo a partire dagli anni '70 del secolo scorso. Le generazioni nate nella seconda meta' degli anni '60 e negli anni '70, tra le quali l'istruzione secondaria superiore e terziaria e la partecipazione al mercato del lavoro Š ampiamente diffusa, hanno continuato a posporre la maternita' ma hanno maggiormente recuperato le nascite rinviate rispetto alle generazioni di donne nate negli anni '50 e '60, contribuendo a determinare l'aumento del livello di fecondita' degli anni piu' recenti. Il ruolo socio-economico e quello procreativo restano pero', per queste coorti come per le precedenti, ancora fortemente distinti e difficilmente conciliabili. [This article analyzes changes in women condition and reproductive behaviour in Marche region in Second Post-World War period. Our main aim is to examine the spread of education and participation to labour market. Indeed, they are well known in literature as determinants of reproductive behaviour. Our further aim is to jointly analyze these modifications to the changes in fertility levels. Period and cohort approaches are used to study socio-economic and demographic aspects while correlations and regression models are used to verify these relationship. We use data from population censuses and vital registrations by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). We compare Marche region with the other regions belonging to the economic area of NEC (North East and Centre). Changes in woman status and in fertility levels become relevant only since the 1970s. Co-horts born in the 1950s and the 1960s started to postpone family formation and motherhood, recovering only partially at later ages. This caused the fall in period fertility. Cohorts born in the second half of the 1960s and in the 1970s, more educated and participating to the labour market in greater proportion, also postponed motherhood but recovered much more births than earlier cohorts. This contributed reversing period fertility in most recent years. However, for these cohorts (as earlier ones) public and reproductive roles are still separated and hardly compatible. Finally, the increase in female labour market participation related to the diffusion of secondary education was the most important factor influencing fertility in Marche region in Second Post-World War period.] Keywords: Education; Fecondit…; Fertility; Istruzione; Labor force participation; Marche; NEC; Partecipazione al mercato del lavoro (search for similar items in EconPapers) Downloads: (external link) Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:mer:review:v:xxx:y:2011:i:2:n:6 Access Statistics for this article More articles in Economia Marche / Journal of Applied Economics from Universita' Politecnica delle Marche (I) / Fondazione Aristide Merloni (I) Contact information at EDIRC. |
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