Geopolitics and Multi-Ethnic Contexts in North-East India: A Review and Analysis of Developmental Policies and Regional Governance

Peter Prasanta Debbarma and Rabi Narayan Behera

International Journal of Regional Development, 2025, vol. 12, issue 1, 1

Abstract: North-East India stands unique in terms of multiethnic composition and its geopolitical setting of the region. This paper attempts to purview the area from the geo-political scenario, anthropological diversity, historical formation and integration of the states with the Indian union. The discussion varies widely and ranges from genres of issues relating to ethnic identity, disputes, conflicts and unrest demands, to the problems induced by the ‘peace and rule’ status of neighboring countries. The region is fragile and challenging because of its relative remoteness from the Indian mainland, high immigrant population, and multiple ethnic groups conflicts that impact peace and development. Advancement and harmony of the area require a unique approach. Therefore, the debate covers past developmental strategies to solve intermittent problems. The results of the research and debate help to pinpoint administration policies indicated to solve fundamental issues and enhance the area.The analysis of the study is based on a series of conflicts and demands that have emerged in North-East India, with a greater intensity in the last decade. The unrest, demand, and conflicts in the North-Eastern region of India were accentuated and reflected in various news reports and journals, which serve as evidence and witness to the discussion analysis. The study scrutinizes the region grappling with issues of displaced migration, ethnic tensions, and escalating demands for constitutional autonomy and rights, highlighting the ethnic bond that transcends state and national borders. It then suggests ways to make the region more harmonious for governance and progressive for development.

Date: 2025
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