Anthropogenic emissions and urbanization increase risk of compound hot extremes in cities

Jun Wang, Yang Chen (), Weilin Liao, Guanhao He, Simon F. B. Tett, Zhongwei Yan, Panmao Zhai, Jinming Feng, Wenjun Ma (), Cunrui Huang and Yamin Hu
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Jun Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yang Chen: Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences
Weilin Liao: Sun Yat-sen University
Guanhao He: Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Simon F. B. Tett: The University of Edinburgh
Zhongwei Yan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Panmao Zhai: Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences
Jinming Feng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wenjun Ma: Jinan University
Cunrui Huang: Tsinghua University
Yamin Hu: Guangdong Climate Center

Nature Climate Change, 2021, vol. 11, issue 12, 1084-1089

Abstract: Abstract Urban areas are experiencing strongly increasing hot temperature extremes. However, these urban heat events have seldom been the focus of traditional detection and attribution analysis designed for regional to global changes. Here we show that compound (day–night sustained) hot extremes are more dangerous than solely daytime or nighttime heat, especially to female and older urban residents. Urban compound hot extremes across eastern China have increased by 1.76 days per decade from 1961 to 2014 with fingerprints of urban expansion and anthropogenic emissions detected by a stepwise detection and attribution method. Their attributable fractions are estimated as 0.51 (urbanization), 1.63 (greenhouse gases) and −0.54 (other anthropogenic forcings) days per decade. Future emissions and urbanization would make these compound events two to five times more frequent (2090s versus 2010s), leading to a threefold-to-sixfold growth in urban population exposure. Our findings call for tailored adaptation planning against rapidly growing health threats from compound heat in cities.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41558-021-01196-2

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