Diverse carbon dioxide removal approaches could reduce impacts on the energy–water–land system

Jay Fuhrman, Candelaria Bergero, Maridee Weber, Seth Monteith, Frances M. Wang, Andres F. Clarens, Scott C. Doney, William Shobe and Haewon McJeon ()
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Jay Fuhrman: University of Maryland and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Candelaria Bergero: University of Maryland and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Maridee Weber: University of Maryland and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Seth Monteith: Climate Works Foundation
Frances M. Wang: Climate Works Foundation
Andres F. Clarens: University of Virginia
Scott C. Doney: University of Virginia
Haewon McJeon: University of Maryland and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Nature Climate Change, 2023, vol. 13, issue 4, 341-350

Abstract: Abstract Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is a critical tool in all plans to limit warming to below 1.5 °C, but only a few CDR pathways have been incorporated into integrated assessment models that international climate policy deliberations rely on. A more diverse set of CDR approaches could have important benefits and costs for energy–water–land systems. Here we use an integrated assessment model to assess a complete suite of CDR approaches including bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, afforestation, direct air capture with carbon storage, enhanced weathering, biochar and direct ocean capture with carbon storage. CDR provided by each approach spans three orders of magnitude, with deployment and associated impacts varying between regions. Total removals reach approximately 10 GtCO2 yr−1 globally, largely to offset residual CO2 and non-CO2 emissions, which remain costly to avoid even under scenarios specifically designed to reduce them.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01604-9

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