Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse warming

Wenju Cai (), Simon Borlace, Matthieu Lengaigne, Peter van Rensch, Mat Collins, Gabriel Vecchi, Axel Timmermann, Agus Santoso, Michael J. McPhaden, Lixin Wu, Matthew H. England, Guojian Wang, Eric Guilyardi and Fei-Fei Jin
Additional contact information
Wenju Cai: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
Simon Borlace: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
Matthieu Lengaigne: Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentation et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), IRD/UPMC/CNRS/MNHN
Peter van Rensch: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
Mat Collins: College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, Harrison Building, Streatham Campus, University of Exeter
Gabriel Vecchi: Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory/NOAA
Axel Timmermann: IPRC, SOEST, University of Hawaii
Agus Santoso: Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Level 4 Mathews Building, The University of New South Wales
Michael J. McPhaden: NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
Lixin Wu: Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China
Matthew H. England: Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Level 4 Mathews Building, The University of New South Wales
Guojian Wang: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
Eric Guilyardi: Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentation et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), IRD/UPMC/CNRS/MNHN
Fei-Fei Jin: SOEST, University of Hawaii

Nature Climate Change, 2014, vol. 4, issue 2, 111-116

Abstract: Extreme El Niño events cause global disruption of weather patterns and affect ecosystems and agriculture through changes in rainfall. Model projections show that a doubling in the occurrence of such extreme episodes is caused by increased surface warming of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, which results in the atmospheric conditions required for these event to occur.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2100

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