Increasing frequency of extremely severe cyclonic storms over the Arabian Sea

Hiroyuki Murakami (), Gabriel A. Vecchi and Seth Underwood
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Hiroyuki Murakami: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
Gabriel A. Vecchi: Princeton University
Seth Underwood: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory

Nature Climate Change, 2017, vol. 7, issue 12, 885-889

Abstract: Abstract In 2014 and 2015, post-monsoon extremely severe cyclonic storms (ESCS)—defined by the WMO as tropical storms with lifetime maximum winds greater than 46 m s −1—were first observed over the Arabian Sea (ARB), causing widespread damage. However, it is unknown to what extent this abrupt increase in post-monsoon ESCSs can be linked to anthropogenic warming, natural variability, or stochastic behaviour. Here, using a suite of high-resolution global coupled model experiments that accurately simulate the climatological distribution of ESCSs, we show that anthropogenic forcing has likely increased the probability of late-season ECSCs occurring in the ARB since the preindustrial era. However, the specific timing of observed late-season ESCSs in 2014 and 2015 was likely due to stochastic processes. It is further shown that natural variability played a minimal role in the observed increase of ESCSs. Thus, continued anthropogenic forcing will further amplify the risk of cyclones in the ARB, with corresponding socio-economic implications.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/s41558-017-0008-6

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