Methane production as key to the greenhouse gas budget of thawing permafrost

Christian Knoblauch (), Christian Beer, Susanne Liebner, Mikhail N. Grigoriev and Eva-Maria Pfeiffer
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Christian Knoblauch: Universität Hamburg
Christian Beer: Stockholm University
Susanne Liebner: Section Geomicrobiology
Mikhail N. Grigoriev: Mel’nikov Permafrost Institute
Eva-Maria Pfeiffer: Universität Hamburg

Nature Climate Change, 2018, vol. 8, issue 4, 309-312

Abstract: Abstract Permafrost thaw liberates frozen organic carbon, which is decomposed into carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). The release of these greenhouse gases (GHGs) forms a positive feedback to atmospheric CO2 and CH4 concentrations and accelerates climate change1,2. Current studies report a minor importance of CH4 production in water-saturated (anoxic) permafrost soils3–6 and a stronger permafrost carbon–climate feedback from drained (oxic) soils1,7. Here we show through seven-year laboratory incubations that equal amounts of CO2 and CH4 are formed in thawing permafrost under anoxic conditions after stable CH4-producing microbial communities have established. Less permafrost carbon was mineralized under anoxic conditions but more CO2–carbon equivalents (CO2–Ce) were formed than under oxic conditions when the higher global warming potential (GWP) of CH4 is taken into account 8 . A model of organic carbon decomposition, calibrated with the observed decomposition data, predicts a higher loss of permafrost carbon under oxic conditions (113 ± 58 g CO2–C kgC−1 (kgC, kilograms of carbon)) by 2100, but a twice as high production of CO2–Ce (241 ± 138 g CO2–Ce kgC−1) under anoxic conditions. These findings challenge the view of a stronger permafrost carbon-climate feedback from drained soils1,7 and emphasize the importance of CH4 production in thawing permafrost on climate-relevant timescales.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41558-018-0095-z

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