Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers

Xia Jiang (), Hilary K. Finucane, Fredrick R. Schumacher, Stephanie L. Schmit, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Younghun Han, Kyriaki Michailidou, Corina Lesseur, Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker, Joe Dennis, David V. Conti, Graham Casey, Mia M. Gaudet, Jeroen R. Huyghe, Demetrius Albanes, Melinda C. Aldrich, Angeline S. Andrew, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton-Culver, Antonis C. Antoniou, Natalia N. Antonenkova, Susanne M. Arnold, Kristan J. Aronson, Banu K. Arun, Elisa V. Bandera, Rosa B. Barkardottir, Daniel R. Barnes, Jyotsna Batra, Matthias W. Beckmann, Javier Benitez, Sara Benlloch, Andrew Berchuck, Sonja I. Berndt, Heike Bickeböller, Stephanie A. Bien, Carl Blomqvist, Stefania Boccia, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Stig E. Bojesen, Manjeet K. Bolla, Hiltrud Brauch, Hermann Brenner, James D. Brenton, Mark N. Brook, Joan Brunet, Hans Brunnström, Daniel D. Buchanan, Barbara Burwinkel, Ralf Butzow, Gabriella Cadoni, Trinidad Caldés, Maria A. Caligo, Ian Campbell, Peter T. Campbell, Géraldine Cancel-Tassin, Lisa Cannon-Albright, Daniele Campa, Neil Caporaso, André L. Carvalho, Andrew T. Chan, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Chu Chen, David C. Christiani, Kathleen B. M. Claes, Frank Claessens, Judith Clements, J. Margriet Collée, Marcia Cruz Correa, Fergus J. Couch, Angela Cox, Julie M. Cunningham, Cezary Cybulski, Kamila Czene, Mary B. Daly, Anna deFazio, Peter Devilee, Orland Diez, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Jenny L. Donovan, Thilo Dörk, Eric J. Duell, Alison M. Dunning, Miriam Dwek, Diana M. Eccles, Christopher K. Edlund, Digna R Velez Edwards, Carolina Ellberg, D. Gareth Evans, Peter A. Fasching, Robert L. Ferris, Triantafillos Liloglou, Jane C. Figueiredo, Olivia Fletcher, Renée T. Fortner, Florentia Fostira, Silvia Franceschi, Eitan Friedman, Steven J. Gallinger, Patricia A. Ganz, Judy Garber, José A. García-Sáenz, Simon A. Gayther, Graham G. Giles, Andrew K. Godwin, Mark S. Goldberg, David E. Goldgar, Ellen L. Goode, Marc T. Goodman, Gary Goodman, Kjell Grankvist, Mark H. Greene, Henrik Gronberg, Jacek Gronwald, Pascal Guénel, Niclas Håkansson, Per Hall, Ute Hamann, Freddie C. Hamdy, Robert J. Hamilton, Jochen Hampe, Aage Haugen, Florian Heitz, Rolando Herrero, Peter Hillemanns, Michael Hoffmeister, Estrid Høgdall, Yun-Chul Hong, John L. Hopper, Richard Houlston, Peter J. Hulick, David J. Hunter, David G. Huntsman, Gregory Idos, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Sue Ann Ingles, Claudine Isaacs, Anna Jakubowska, Paul James, Mark A. Jenkins, Mattias Johansson, Mikael Johansson, Esther M. John, Amit D. Joshi, Radka Kaneva, Beth Y. Karlan, Linda E. Kelemen, Tabea Kühl, Kay-Tee Khaw, Elza Khusnutdinova, Adam S. Kibel, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Jeri Kim, Susanne K. Kjaer, Julia A. Knight, Manolis Kogevinas, Zsofia Kote-Jarai, Stella Koutros, Vessela N. Kristensen, Jolanta Kupryjanczyk, Martin Lacko, Stephan Lam, Diether Lambrechts, Maria Teresa Landi, Philip Lazarus, Nhu D. Le, Eunjung Lee, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Goska Leslie, Davor Lessel, Jenny Lester, Douglas A. Levine, Li Li, Christopher I. Li, Annika Lindblom, Noralane M. Lindor, Geoffrey Liu, Fotios Loupakis, Jan Lubiński, Lovise Maehle, Christiane Maier, Arto Mannermaa, Loic Le Marchand, Sara Margolin, Taymaa May, Lesley McGuffog, Alfons Meindl, Pooja Middha, Austin Miller, Roger L. Milne, Robert J. MacInnis, Francesmary Modugno, Marco Montagna, Victor Moreno, Kirsten B. Moysich, Lorelei Mucci, Kenneth Muir, Anna Marie Mulligan, Katherine L. Nathanson, David E. Neal, Andrew R. Ness, Susan L. Neuhausen, Heli Nevanlinna, Polly A. Newcomb, Lisa F. Newcomb, Finn Cilius Nielsen, Liene Nikitina-Zake, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Robert L. Nussbaum, Kenneth Offit, Edith Olah, Ali Amin Al Olama, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Andrew F. Olshan, Håkan Olsson, Ana Osorio, Hardev Pandha, Jong Y. Park, Nora Pashayan, Michael T. Parsons, Tanja Pejovic, Kathryn L. Penney, Wilbert H M. Peters, Catherine M. Phelan, Amanda I. Phipps, Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Miranda Pring, Darya Prokofyeva, Paolo Radice, Kari Stefansson, Susan J. Ramus, Leon Raskin, Gad Rennert, Hedy S. Rennert, Elizabeth J. Rensburg, Marjorie J. Riggan, Harvey A. Risch, Angela Risch, Monique J. Roobol, Barry S. Rosenstein, Mary Anne Rossing, Kim Ruyck, Emmanouil Saloustros, Dale P. Sandler, Elinor J. Sawyer, Matthew B. Schabath, Johanna Schleutker, Marjanka K. Schmidt, V. Wendy Setiawan, Hongbing Shen, Erin M. Siegel, Weiva Sieh, Christian F. Singer, Martha L. Slattery, Karina Dalsgaard Sorensen, Melissa C. Southey, Amanda B. Spurdle, Janet L. Stanford, Victoria L. Stevens, Sebastian Stintzing, Jennifer Stone, Karin Sundfeldt, Rebecca Sutphen, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Eloiza H. Tajara, Catherine M. Tangen, Adonina Tardon, Jack A. Taylor, M. Dawn Teare, Manuel R. Teixeira, Mary Beth Terry, Kathryn L. Terry, Stephen N. Thibodeau, Mads Thomassen, Line Bjørge, Marc Tischkowitz, Amanda E. Toland, Diana Torres, Paul A. Townsend, Ruth C. Travis, Nadine Tung, Shelley S. Tworoger, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Nawaid Usmani, Celine M. Vachon, Els Nieuwenhuysen, Ana Vega, Miguel Elías Aguado-Barrera, Qin Wang, Penelope M. Webb, Clarice R. Weinberg, Stephanie Weinstein, Mark C. Weissler, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Catharine M. L. West, Emily White, Alice S. Whittemore, H-Erich Wichmann, Fredrik Wiklund, Robert Winqvist, Alicja Wolk, Penella Woll, Michael Woods, Anna H. Wu, Xifeng Wu, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Wei Zheng, Shanbeh Zienolddiny, Argyrios Ziogas, Kristin K. Zorn, Jacqueline M. Lane, Richa Saxena, Duncan Thomas, Rayjean J. Hung, Brenda Diergaarde, James McKay, Ulrike Peters, Li Hsu, Montserrat García-Closas, Rosalind A. Eeles, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Paul J. Brennan, Christopher A. Haiman, Jacques Simard, Douglas F. Easton, Stephen B. Gruber, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Alkes L. Price, Bogdan Pasaniuc, Christopher I. Amos, Peter Kraft () and Sara Lindström ()
Additional contact information
Xia Jiang: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Hilary K. Finucane: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Fredrick R. Schumacher: Case Western Reserve University
Stephanie L. Schmit: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
Jonathan P. Tyrer: University of Cambridge
Younghun Han: The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth
Kyriaki Michailidou: University of Cambridge
Corina Lesseur: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker: University College London
Joe Dennis: University of Cambridge
David V. Conti: University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
Graham Casey: University of Virginia
Mia M. Gaudet: American Cancer Society
Jeroen R. Huyghe: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Demetrius Albanes: National Cancer Institute
Melinda C. Aldrich: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Angeline S. Andrew: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Irene L. Andrulis: Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital
Hoda Anton-Culver: University of California Irvine
Antonis C. Antoniou: University of Cambridge
Natalia N. Antonenkova: Settlement of Lesnoy-2
Susanne M. Arnold: University of Kentucky
Kristan J. Aronson: Queen’s University
Banu K. Arun: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Elisa V. Bandera: Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
Rosa B. Barkardottir: Landspitali University Hospital
Daniel R. Barnes: University of Cambridge
Jyotsna Batra: Translational Research Institute
Matthias W. Beckmann: Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg
Javier Benitez: Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO)
Sara Benlloch: University of Cambridge
Andrew Berchuck: Duke University Medical Center
Sonja I. Berndt: National Cancer Institute
Heike Bickeböller: University Medical Center Goettingen
Stephanie A. Bien: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Carl Blomqvist: University of Helsinki
Stefania Boccia: Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS
Natalia V. Bogdanova: Settlement of Lesnoy-2
Stig E. Bojesen: Copenhagen University Hospital
Manjeet K. Bolla: University of Cambridge
Hiltrud Brauch: DrMargarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology
Hermann Brenner: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
James D. Brenton: University of Cambridge
Mark N. Brook: The Institute of Cancer Research
Joan Brunet: CIBERONC
Hans Brunnström: Lund University
Daniel D. Buchanan: Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre
Barbara Burwinkel: University of Heidelberg
Ralf Butzow: University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital
Gabriella Cadoni: Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS
Trinidad Caldés: Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)
Maria A. Caligo: University and University Hospital of Pisa
Ian Campbell: Peter MacCallum Cancer Center
Peter T. Campbell: American Cancer Society
Géraldine Cancel-Tassin: Sorbonne Université
Lisa Cannon-Albright: University of Utah School of Medicine
Daniele Campa: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
Neil Caporaso: National Cancer Institute
André L. Carvalho: Barretos Cancer Hospital
Andrew T. Chan: Massachusetts General Hospital
Jenny Chang-Claude: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
Stephen J. Chanock: National Cancer Institute
Chu Chen: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
David C. Christiani: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Kathleen B. M. Claes: Ghent University
Frank Claessens: KU Leuven
Judith Clements: Translational Research Institute
J. Margriet Collée: Erasmus University Medical Center
Marcia Cruz Correa: University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus and Comprehensive Cancer Center
Fergus J. Couch: Mayo Clinic
Angela Cox: University of Sheffield
Julie M. Cunningham: Mayo Clinic
Cezary Cybulski: Pomeranian Medical University
Kamila Czene: Karolinska Institutet
Mary B. Daly: Fox Chase Cancer Center
Anna deFazio: The University of Sydney
Peter Devilee: Leiden University Medical Center
Orland Diez: University Hospital
Manuela Gago-Dominguez: SERGAS
Jenny L. Donovan: University of Bristol
Thilo Dörk: Hannover Medical School
Eric J. Duell: Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL)
Alison M. Dunning: University of Cambridge
Miriam Dwek: University of Westminster
Diana M. Eccles: University of Southampton
Christopher K. Edlund: University of Southern California
Digna R Velez Edwards: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Carolina Ellberg: Lund University
D. Gareth Evans: Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Peter A. Fasching: Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg
Robert L. Ferris: University of Pittsburgh
Triantafillos Liloglou: The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine
Jane C. Figueiredo: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Olivia Fletcher: The Institute of Cancer Research
Renée T. Fortner: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
Florentia Fostira: National Centre for Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’
Silvia Franceschi: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Eitan Friedman: Chaim Sheba Medical Center
Steven J. Gallinger: Mount Sinai Hospital
Patricia A. Ganz: Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre
Judy Garber: Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
José A. García-Sáenz: Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)
Simon A. Gayther: University of Southern California
Graham G. Giles: Cancer Council Victoria
Andrew K. Godwin: University of Kansas Medical Center
Mark S. Goldberg: McGill University
David E. Goldgar: University of Utah School of Medicine
Ellen L. Goode: Mayo Clinic
Marc T. Goodman: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Gary Goodman: Swedish Cancer Institute
Kjell Grankvist: Umeå University
Mark H. Greene: DCEG
Henrik Gronberg: Karolinska Institutet
Jacek Gronwald: Pomeranian Medical University
Pascal Guénel: University Paris-Saclay
Niclas Håkansson: Karolinska Institutet
Per Hall: Karolinska Institutet
Ute Hamann: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
Freddie C. Hamdy: University of Oxford
Robert J. Hamilton: Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre
Jochen Hampe: Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)
Aage Haugen: National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI)
Florian Heitz: DrHorst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden
Rolando Herrero: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Peter Hillemanns: Hannover Medical School
Michael Hoffmeister: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
Estrid Høgdall: Danish Cancer Society Research Center
Yun-Chul Hong: Seoul National University College of Medicine
John L. Hopper: Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
Richard Houlston: Institute for Cancer Research
Peter J. Hulick: NorthShore University HealthSystem
David J. Hunter: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
David G. Huntsman: BC Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia
Gregory Idos: University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
Evgeny N. Imyanitov: NNPetrov Institute of Oncology
Sue Ann Ingles: University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
Claudine Isaacs: Georgetown University
Anna Jakubowska: Pomeranian Medical University
Paul James: The University of Melbourne
Mark A. Jenkins: Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre
Mattias Johansson: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Mikael Johansson: Umeå University
Esther M. John: Stanford University School of Medicine
Amit D. Joshi: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Radka Kaneva: Medical University of Sofia
Beth Y. Karlan: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Linda E. Kelemen: Medical University of South Carolina
Tabea Kühl: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Kay-Tee Khaw: University of Cambridge
Elza Khusnutdinova: Bashkir State University
Adam S. Kibel: Brigham and Womens Hospital
Lambertus A. Kiemeney: Radboud University Medical Center
Jeri Kim: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Susanne K. Kjaer: Danish Cancer Society Research Center
Julia A. Knight: Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System
Manolis Kogevinas: AvMonforte de Lemos
Zsofia Kote-Jarai: The Institute of Cancer Research
Stella Koutros: National Institutes of Health
Vessela N. Kristensen: Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet
Jolanta Kupryjanczyk: the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center
Martin Lacko: Maastricht University Medical Center
Stephan Lam: British Columbia Cancer Agency
Diether Lambrechts: VIB
Maria Teresa Landi: National Cancer Institute
Philip Lazarus: Washington State University
Nhu D. Le: BC Cancer Agency
Eunjung Lee: University of Southern California
Flavio Lejbkowicz: Carmel Medical Center
Heinz-Josef Lenz: University of Southern California
Goska Leslie: University of Cambridge
Davor Lessel: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Jenny Lester: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Douglas A. Levine: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Li Li: Case Western Reserve University
Christopher I. Li: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Annika Lindblom: Karolinska Univ Hospital
Noralane M. Lindor: Mayo Clinic Arizona
Geoffrey Liu: Princess Margaret Cancer Centre
Fotios Loupakis: Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS
Jan Lubiński: Pomeranian Medical University
Lovise Maehle: Oslo University Hospital
Christiane Maier: University Hospital Ulm
Arto Mannermaa: University of Eastern Finland
Loic Le Marchand: University of Hawaii Cancer Center
Sara Margolin: Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet
Taymaa May: University Health Network, Princess Margaret Hospital
Lesley McGuffog: University of Cambridge
Alfons Meindl: , Technische Universität München
Pooja Middha: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
Austin Miller: Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Roger L. Milne: Cancer Council Victoria
Robert J. MacInnis: Cancer Council Victoria
Francesmary Modugno: Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center
Marco Montagna: Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS
Victor Moreno: Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) and University of Barcelona
Kirsten B. Moysich: Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Lorelei Mucci: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Kenneth Muir: University of Manchester
Anna Marie Mulligan: University of Toronto
Katherine L. Nathanson: Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
David E. Neal: University of Cambridge
Andrew R. Ness: University of Bristol
Susan L. Neuhausen: Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope
Heli Nevanlinna: University of Helsinki
Polly A. Newcomb: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Lisa F. Newcomb: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Finn Cilius Nielsen: Copenhagen University Hospital
Liene Nikitina-Zake: Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre
Børge G. Nordestgaard: Copenhagen University Hospital
Robert L. Nussbaum: University of California San Francisco
Kenneth Offit: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Edith Olah: National Institute of Oncology
Ali Amin Al Olama: University of Cambridge
Olufunmilayo I. Olopade: The University of Chicago
Andrew F. Olshan: University of North Carolina
Håkan Olsson: Lund University
Ana Osorio: Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO)
Hardev Pandha: The University of Surrey
Jong Y. Park: HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
Nora Pashayan: University College London
Michael T. Parsons: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Tanja Pejovic: Oregon Health & Science University
Kathryn L. Penney: Harvard Medical School
Wilbert H M. Peters: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center
Catherine M. Phelan: HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
Amanda I. Phipps: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Miranda Pring: University of Bristol
Darya Prokofyeva: Bashkir State University
Paolo Radice: Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT)
Kari Stefansson: Decode genetics
Susan J. Ramus: University of NSW Sydney
Leon Raskin: Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Gad Rennert: Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine
Hedy S. Rennert: Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine
Elizabeth J. Rensburg: University of Pretoria
Marjorie J. Riggan: Duke University Medical Center
Harvey A. Risch: Yale School of Public Health
Angela Risch: University of Salzburg
Monique J. Roobol: Erasmus University Medical Center
Barry S. Rosenstein: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Mary Anne Rossing: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Kim Ruyck: Ghent University
Emmanouil Saloustros: University Hospital of Heraklion
Dale P. Sandler: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Elinor J. Sawyer: Guy’s Hospital Great Maze Pond
Matthew B. Schabath: HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
Johanna Schleutker: University of Turku
Marjanka K. Schmidt: The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital
V. Wendy Setiawan: University of Southern California
Hongbing Shen: Nanjing Medical University
Erin M. Siegel: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
Weiva Sieh: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Christian F. Singer: Medical University of Vienna
Martha L. Slattery: University of Utah Health Sciences Center
Karina Dalsgaard Sorensen: Aarhus University Hospital
Melissa C. Southey: Monash University
Amanda B. Spurdle: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Janet L. Stanford: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Victoria L. Stevens: American Cancer Society
Sebastian Stintzing: LMU Munich
Jennifer Stone: Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
Karin Sundfeldt: University of Gothenburg
Rebecca Sutphen: University of South Florida
Anthony J. Swerdlow: The Institute of Cancer Research
Eloiza H. Tajara: School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto
Catherine M. Tangen: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Adonina Tardon: University of Oviedo and CIBERESP
Jack A. Taylor: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
M. Dawn Teare: University of Sheffield
Manuel R. Teixeira: Portuguese Oncology Institute
Mary Beth Terry: Columbia University
Kathryn L. Terry: Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Stephen N. Thibodeau: Mayo Clinic
Mads Thomassen: Odense University Hospital
Line Bjørge: Haukeland University Hospital
Marc Tischkowitz: McGill University
Amanda E. Toland: The Ohio State University
Diana Torres: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
Paul A. Townsend: University of Manchester
Ruth C. Travis: University of Oxford
Nadine Tung: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Shelley S. Tworoger: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Cornelia M. Ulrich: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Nawaid Usmani: University of Alberta
Celine M. Vachon: Mayo Clinic
Els Nieuwenhuysen: University Hospitals Leuven
Ana Vega: AvMonforte de Lemos
Miguel Elías Aguado-Barrera: Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n
Qin Wang: University of Cambridge
Penelope M. Webb: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Clarice R. Weinberg: NIH
Stephanie Weinstein: National Cancer Institute
Mark C. Weissler: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Jeffrey N. Weitzel: City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network
Catharine M. L. West: The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Emily White: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Alice S. Whittemore: Stanford University School of Medicine
H-Erich Wichmann: Ludwig Maximilians University
Fredrik Wiklund: Karolinska Institutet
Robert Winqvist: University of Oulu
Alicja Wolk: Karolinska Institutet
Penella Woll: University of Sheffield
Michael Woods: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Anna H. Wu: University of Southern California
Xifeng Wu: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Drakoulis Yannoukakos: National Centre for Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’
Wei Zheng: Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Shanbeh Zienolddiny: National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI)
Argyrios Ziogas: University of California Irvine
Kristin K. Zorn: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Jacqueline M. Lane: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Richa Saxena: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Duncan Thomas: University of Southern California
Rayjean J. Hung: Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System
Brenda Diergaarde: University of Pittsburgh
James McKay: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Ulrike Peters: University of Washington School of Public Health
Li Hsu: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Montserrat García-Closas: National Cancer Institute
Rosalind A. Eeles: The Institute of Cancer Research
Georgia Chenevix-Trench: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Paul J. Brennan: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Christopher A. Haiman: University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
Jacques Simard: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center
Douglas F. Easton: University of Cambridge
Stephen B. Gruber: University of Southern California
Paul D. P. Pharoah: University of Cambridge
Alkes L. Price: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Bogdan Pasaniuc: University of California
Christopher I. Amos: Baylor Medical College
Peter Kraft: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Sara Lindström: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-23

Abstract: Abstract Quantifying the genetic correlation between cancers can provide important insights into the mechanisms driving cancer etiology. Using genome-wide association study summary statistics across six cancer types based on a total of 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, here we estimate the pair-wise genetic correlations between breast, colorectal, head/neck, lung, ovary and prostate cancer, and between cancers and 38 other diseases. We observed statistically significant genetic correlations between lung and head/neck cancer (rg = 0.57, p = 4.6 × 10−8), breast and ovarian cancer (rg = 0.24, p = 7 × 10−5), breast and lung cancer (rg = 0.18, p =1.5 × 10−6) and breast and colorectal cancer (rg = 0.15, p = 1.1 × 10−4). We also found that multiple cancers are genetically correlated with non-cancer traits including smoking, psychiatric diseases and metabolic characteristics. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant excess contribution of conserved and regulatory regions to cancer heritability. Our comprehensive analysis of cross-cancer heritability suggests that solid tumors arising across tissues share in part a common germline genetic basis.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08054-4

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