Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi2Se3

L. Luo, X. Yang, X. Liu, Z. Liu, C. Vaswani, D. Cheng, M. Mootz, X. Zhao, Y. Yao, C.-Z. Wang, K.-M. Ho, I. E. Perakis, M. Dobrowolska, J. K. Furdyna and J. Wang ()
Additional contact information
L. Luo: Iowa State University
X. Yang: Iowa State University
X. Liu: University of Notre Dame
Z. Liu: Iowa State University
C. Vaswani: Iowa State University
D. Cheng: Iowa State University
M. Mootz: University of Alabama at Birmingham
X. Zhao: Iowa State University
Y. Yao: Iowa State University
C.-Z. Wang: Iowa State University
K.-M. Ho: Iowa State University
I. E. Perakis: University of Alabama at Birmingham
M. Dobrowolska: University of Notre Dame
J. K. Furdyna: University of Notre Dame
J. Wang: Iowa State University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Topology-protected surface transport of ultimate thinness in three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) is breaking new ground in quantum science and technology. Yet a challenge remains on how to disentangle and selectively control surface helical spin transport from the bulk contribution. Here we use the mid-infrared and terahertz (THz) photoexcitation of exclusive intraband transitions to enable ultrafast manipulation of surface THz conductivity in Bi2Se3. The unique, transient electronic state is characterized by frequency-dependent carrier relaxations that directly distinguish the faster surface channel than the bulk with no complication from interband excitations or need for reduced bulk doping. We determine the topological enhancement ratio between bulk and surface scattering rates, i.e., γBS/γSS ~3.80 in equilibrium. The ultra-broadband, wavelength-selective pumping may be applied to emerging topological semimetals for separation and control of the protected transport connected with the Weyl nodes from other bulk bands.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08559-6

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