A sequestered fusion peptide in the structure of an HIV-1 transmitted founder envelope trimer

Neeti Ananthaswamy, Qianglin Fang, Wadad AlSalmi, Swati Jain, Zhenguo Chen, Thomas Klose, Yingyuan Sun, Yue Liu, Marthandan Mahalingam, Subhash Chand, Sodsai Tovanabutra, Merlin L. Robb, Michael G. Rossmann () and Venigalla B. Rao ()
Additional contact information
Neeti Ananthaswamy: The Catholic University of America
Qianglin Fang: Purdue University
Wadad AlSalmi: The Catholic University of America
Swati Jain: The Catholic University of America
Zhenguo Chen: Purdue University
Thomas Klose: Purdue University
Yingyuan Sun: Purdue University
Yue Liu: Purdue University
Marthandan Mahalingam: The Catholic University of America
Subhash Chand: The Catholic University of America
Sodsai Tovanabutra: Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine
Merlin L. Robb: Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine
Michael G. Rossmann: Purdue University
Venigalla B. Rao: The Catholic University of America

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and its fusion peptide are essential for cell entry and vaccine design. Here, we describe the 3.9-Å resolution structure of an envelope protein trimer from a very early transmitted founder virus (CRF01_AE T/F100) complexed with Fab from the broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) 8ANC195. The overall T/F100 trimer structure is similar to other reported “closed” state prefusion trimer structures. In contrast, the fusion peptide, which is exposed to solvent in reported closed structures, is sequestered (buried) in the hydrophobic core of the T/F100 trimer. A buried conformation has previously been observed in “open” state structures formed after CD4 receptor binding. The T/F100 trimer binds poorly to bNAbs including the fusion peptide-specific bNAbs PGT151 and VRC34.01. The T/F100 structure might represent a prefusion state, intermediate between the closed and open states. These observations are relevant to mechanisms of HIV-1 transmission and vaccine design.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08825-7

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