Anti-quenching NIR-II molecular fluorophores for in vivo high-contrast imaging and pH sensing

Shangfeng Wang, Yong Fan, Dandan Li, Caixia Sun, Zuhai Lei, Lingfei Lu, Ting Wang and Fan Zhang ()
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Shangfeng Wang: Fudan University
Yong Fan: Fudan University
Dandan Li: Fudan University
Caixia Sun: Fudan University
Zuhai Lei: Fudan University
Lingfei Lu: Fudan University
Ting Wang: Fudan University
Fan Zhang: Fudan University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The contrast and sensitivity of in vivo fluorescence imaging has been revolutionized by molecular fluorophores operating in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II; 1000-1700 nm), but an ongoing challenge is the solvatochromism-caused quenching in aqueous solution for the long-wavelength absorbing fluorophores. Herein, we develop a series of anti-quenching pentamethine cyanine fluorophores that significantly overcome the severe solvatochromism, thus affording stable absorption/emission beyond 1000 nm with up to ~ 44-fold enhanced brightness and superior photostability in aqueous solution. These advantages allow for deep optical penetration (8 mm) as well as high-contrast and highly-stable lymphatic imaging superior to clinical-approved indocyanine green. Additionally, these fluorophores exhibit pH-responsive fluorescence, allowing for noninvasive ratiometric fluorescence imaging and quantification of gastric pH in vivo. The results demonstrate reliable accuracy in tissue as deep as 4 mm, comparable to standard pH electrode method. This work unlocks the potential of anti-quenching pentamethine cyanines for NIR-II biological applications.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09043-x

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