A threonyl-tRNA synthetase-mediated translation initiation machinery

Seung Jae Jeong, Shinhye Park, Loi T. Nguyen, Jungwon Hwang, Eun-Young Lee, Hoi-Khoanh Giong, Jeong-Soo Lee, Ina Yoon, Ji-Hyun Lee, Jong Hyun Kim, Hoi Kyoung Kim, Doyeun Kim, Won Suk Yang, Seon-Young Kim, Chan Yong Lee, Kweon Yu, Nahum Sonenberg, Myung Hee Kim () and Sunghoon Kim ()
Additional contact information
Seung Jae Jeong: Seoul National University
Shinhye Park: Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)
Loi T. Nguyen: Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)
Jungwon Hwang: Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)
Eun-Young Lee: Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)
Hoi-Khoanh Giong: Disease Target Structure Research Center, KRIBB
Jeong-Soo Lee: Disease Target Structure Research Center, KRIBB
Ina Yoon: Seoul National University
Ji-Hyun Lee: Seoul National University
Jong Hyun Kim: Seoul National University
Hoi Kyoung Kim: Seoul National University
Doyeun Kim: Seoul National University
Won Suk Yang: Seoul National University
Seon-Young Kim: Korea University of Science and Technology
Chan Yong Lee: Chungnam National University
Kweon Yu: Disease Target Structure Research Center, KRIBB
Nahum Sonenberg: McGill University, Montreal
Myung Hee Kim: Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)
Sunghoon Kim: Seoul National University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract A fundamental question in biology is how vertebrates evolved and differ from invertebrates, and little is known about differences in the regulation of translation in the two systems. Herein, we identify a threonyl-tRNA synthetase (TRS)-mediated translation initiation machinery that specifically interacts with eIF4E homologous protein, and forms machinery that is structurally analogous to the eIF4F-mediated translation initiation machinery via the recruitment of other translation initiation components. Biochemical and RNA immunoprecipitation analyses coupled to sequencing suggest that this machinery emerged as a gain-of-function event in the vertebrate lineage, and it positively regulates the translation of mRNAs required for vertebrate development. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that TRS evolved to regulate vertebrate translation initiation via its dual role as a scaffold for the assembly of initiation components and as a selector of target mRNAs. This work highlights the functional significance of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in the emergence and control of higher order organisms.

Date: 2019
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-09086-0

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09086-0

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