Enterovirus particles expel capsid pentamers to enable genome release

David Buchta, Tibor Füzik, Dominik Hrebík, Yevgen Levdansky, Lukáš Sukeník, Liya Mukhamedova, Jana Moravcová, Robert Vácha and Pavel Plevka ()
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David Buchta: Masaryk University
Tibor Füzik: Masaryk University
Dominik Hrebík: Masaryk University
Yevgen Levdansky: Masaryk University
Lukáš Sukeník: Masaryk University
Liya Mukhamedova: Masaryk University
Jana Moravcová: Masaryk University
Robert Vácha: Masaryk University
Pavel Plevka: Masaryk University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Viruses from the genus Enterovirus are important human pathogens. Receptor binding or exposure to acidic pH in endosomes converts enterovirus particles to an activated state that is required for genome release. However, the mechanism of enterovirus uncoating is not well understood. Here, we use cryo-electron microscopy to visualize virions of human echovirus 18 in the process of genome release. We discover that the exit of the RNA from the particle of echovirus 18 results in a loss of one, two, or three adjacent capsid-protein pentamers. The opening in the capsid, which is more than 120 Å in diameter, enables the release of the genome without the need to unwind its putative double-stranded RNA segments. We also detect capsids lacking pentamers during genome release from echovirus 30. Thus, our findings uncover a mechanism of enterovirus genome release that could become target for antiviral drugs.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09132-x

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