Whole-genome resequencing reveals Brassica napus origin and genetic loci involved in its improvement

Kun Lu, Lijuan Wei, Xiaolong Li, Yuntong Wang, Jian Wu, Miao Liu, Chao Zhang, Zhiyou Chen, Zhongchun Xiao, Hongju Jian, Feng Cheng, Kai Zhang, Hai Du, Xinchao Cheng, Cunming Qu, Wei Qian, Liezhao Liu, Rui Wang, Qingyuan Zou, Jiamin Ying, Xingfu Xu, Jiaqing Mei, Ying Liang, You-Rong Chai, Zhanglin Tang, Huafang Wan, Yu Ni, Yajun He, Na Lin, Yonghai Fan, Wei Sun, Nan-Nan Li, Gang Zhou, Hongkun Zheng, Xiaowu Wang (), Andrew H. Paterson () and Jiana Li ()
Additional contact information
Kun Lu: Southwest University, Beibei
Lijuan Wei: Southwest University, Beibei
Xiaolong Li: Biomarker Technologies Corporation
Yuntong Wang: Biomarker Technologies Corporation
Jian Wu: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science
Miao Liu: Southwest University, Beibei
Chao Zhang: Southwest University, Beibei
Zhiyou Chen: Southwest University, Beibei
Zhongchun Xiao: Southwest University, Beibei
Hongju Jian: Southwest University, Beibei
Feng Cheng: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science
Kai Zhang: Southwest University, Beibei
Hai Du: Southwest University, Beibei
Xinchao Cheng: State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei
Cunming Qu: Southwest University, Beibei
Wei Qian: Southwest University, Beibei
Liezhao Liu: Southwest University, Beibei
Rui Wang: Southwest University, Beibei
Qingyuan Zou: Southwest University, Beibei
Jiamin Ying: Southwest University, Beibei
Xingfu Xu: Southwest University, Beibei
Jiaqing Mei: Southwest University, Beibei
Ying Liang: Southwest University, Beibei
You-Rong Chai: Southwest University, Beibei
Zhanglin Tang: Southwest University, Beibei
Huafang Wan: Southwest University, Beibei
Yu Ni: Southwest University, Beibei
Yajun He: Southwest University, Beibei
Na Lin: Southwest University, Beibei
Yonghai Fan: Southwest University, Beibei
Wei Sun: Southwest University, Beibei
Nan-Nan Li: Southwest University, Beibei
Gang Zhou: Biomarker Technologies Corporation
Hongkun Zheng: Biomarker Technologies Corporation
Xiaowu Wang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science
Andrew H. Paterson: University of Georgia
Jiana Li: Southwest University, Beibei

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Brassica napus (2n = 4x = 38, AACC) is an important allopolyploid crop derived from interspecific crosses between Brassica rapa (2n = 2x = 20, AA) and Brassica oleracea (2n = 2x = 18, CC). However, no truly wild B. napus populations are known; its origin and improvement processes remain unclear. Here, we resequence 588 B. napus accessions. We uncover that the A subgenome may evolve from the ancestor of European turnip and the C subgenome may evolve from the common ancestor of kohlrabi, cauliflower, broccoli, and Chinese kale. Additionally, winter oilseed may be the original form of B. napus. Subgenome-specific selection of defense-response genes has contributed to environmental adaptation after formation of the species, whereas asymmetrical subgenomic selection has led to ecotype change. By integrating genome-wide association studies, selection signals, and transcriptome analyses, we identify genes associated with improved stress tolerance, oil content, seed quality, and ecotype improvement. They are candidates for further functional characterization and genetic improvement of B. napus.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09134-9

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