Effects of infection history on dengue virus infection and pathogenicity

Tim K. Tsang, Samson L. Ghebremariam, Lionel Gresh, Aubree Gordon, M. Elizabeth Halloran, Leah C. Katzelnick, Diana Patricia Rojas, Guillermina Kuan, Angel Balmaseda, Jonathan Sugimoto, Eva Harris (), Ira M. Longini () and Yang Yang ()
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Tim K. Tsang: University of Florida
Samson L. Ghebremariam: University of Florida
Lionel Gresh: Sustainable Sciences Institute
Aubree Gordon: University of Michigan
M. Elizabeth Halloran: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Leah C. Katzelnick: University of California
Diana Patricia Rojas: University of Florida
Guillermina Kuan: Centro de Salud Sócrates Flores Vivas, Ministry of Health
Angel Balmaseda: Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health
Jonathan Sugimoto: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Eva Harris: University of California
Ira M. Longini: University of Florida
Yang Yang: University of Florida

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract The understanding of immunological interactions among the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and their epidemiological implications is often hampered by the lack of individual-level infection history. Using a statistical framework that infers full infection history, we analyze a prospective pediatric cohort in Nicaragua to characterize how infection history modulates the risks of DENV infection and subsequent clinical disease. After controlling for age, one prior infection is associated with 54% lower, while two or more are associated with 91% higher, risk of a new infection, compared to DENV-naive children. Children >8 years old have 55% and 120% higher risks of infection and subsequent disease, respectively, than their younger peers. Among children with ≥1 prior infection, intermediate antibody titers increase, whereas high titers lower, the risk of subsequent infection, compared with undetectable titers. Such complex dependency needs to be considered in the design of dengue vaccines and vaccination strategies.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09193-y

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