Photon acceleration and tunable broadband harmonics generation in nonlinear time-dependent metasurfaces

Maxim R. Shcherbakov (), Kevin Werner, Zhiyuan Fan, Noah Talisa, Enam Chowdhury and Gennady Shvets ()
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Maxim R. Shcherbakov: Cornell University
Kevin Werner: The Ohio State University
Zhiyuan Fan: Cornell University
Noah Talisa: The Ohio State University
Enam Chowdhury: The Ohio State University
Gennady Shvets: Cornell University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Time-dependent nonlinear media, such as rapidly generated plasmas produced via laser ionization of gases, can increase the energy of individual laser photons and generate tunable high-order harmonic pulses. This phenomenon, known as photon acceleration, has traditionally required extreme-intensity laser pulses and macroscopic propagation lengths. Here, we report on a novel nonlinear material—an ultrathin semiconductor metasurface—that exhibits efficient photon acceleration at low intensities. We observe a signature nonlinear manifestation of photon acceleration: third-harmonic generation of near-infrared photons with tunable frequencies reaching up to ≈3.1ω. A simple time-dependent coupled-mode theory, found to be in good agreement with experimental results, is utilized to predict a new path towards nonlinear radiation sources that combine resonant upconversion with broadband operation.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09313-8

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