Directly visualizing the sign change of d-wave superconducting gap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ by phase-referenced quasiparticle interference

Qiangqiang Gu, Siyuan Wan, Qingkun Tang, Zengyi Du, Huan Yang (), Qiang-Hua Wang (), Ruidan Zhong, Jinsheng Wen, G. D. Gu and Hai-Hu Wen ()
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Qiangqiang Gu: Nanjing University
Siyuan Wan: Nanjing University
Qingkun Tang: Nanjing University
Zengyi Du: Nanjing University
Huan Yang: Nanjing University
Qiang-Hua Wang: Nanjing University
Ruidan Zhong: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton
Jinsheng Wen: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton
G. D. Gu: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton
Hai-Hu Wen: Nanjing University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The superconducting state is formed by the condensation of Cooper pairs and protected by the superconducting gap. The pairing interaction between the two electrons of a Cooper pair determines the gap function. Thus, it is pivotal to detect the gap structure for understanding the mechanism of superconductivity. In cuprate superconductors, it has been well established that the gap may have a d-wave function. This gap function has an alternative sign change in the momentum space. It is however hard to visualize this sign change. Here we report the measurements of scanning tunneling spectroscopy in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ and conduct the analysis of phase-referenced quasiparticle interference (QPI). We see the seven basic scattering vectors that connect the octet ends of the banana-shaped contour of Fermi surface. The phase-referenced QPI clearly visualizes the sign change of the d-wave gap. Our results illustrate an effective way for determining the sign change of unconventional superconductors.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09340-5

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