Scalable synthesis of ant-nest-like bulk porous silicon for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes

Weili An, Biao Gao, Shixiong Mei, Ben Xiang, Jijiang Fu, Lei Wang, Qiaobao Zhang (), Paul K. Chu and Kaifu Huo ()
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Weili An: Wuhan University of Science and Technology
Biao Gao: Wuhan University of Science and Technology
Shixiong Mei: Wuhan University of Science and Technology
Ben Xiang: Wuhan University of Science and Technology
Jijiang Fu: Wuhan University of Science and Technology
Lei Wang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Qiaobao Zhang: Xiamen University
Paul K. Chu: City University of Hong Kong
Kaifu Huo: Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Although silicon is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries, scalable synthesis of silicon anodes with good cyclability and low electrode swelling remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a scalable top-down technique to produce ant-nest-like porous silicon from magnesium-silicon alloy. The ant-nest-like porous silicon comprising three-dimensional interconnected silicon nanoligaments and bicontinuous nanopores can prevent pulverization and accommodate volume expansion during cycling resulting in negligible particle-level outward expansion. The carbon-coated porous silicon anode delivers a high capacity of 1,271 mAh g−1 at 2,100 mA g−1 with 90% capacity retention after 1,000 cycles and has a low electrode swelling of 17.8% at a high areal capacity of 5.1 mAh cm−2. The full cell with the prelithiated silicon anode and Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 cathode boasts a high energy density of 502 Wh Kg−1 and 84% capacity retention after 400 cycles. This work provides insights into the rational design of alloy anodes for high-energy batteries.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09510-5

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