IAPP toxicity activates HIF1α/PFKFB3 signaling delaying β-cell loss at the expense of β-cell function

Chiara Montemurro, Hiroshi Nomoto, Lina Pei, Vishal S. Parekh, Kenny E. Vongbunyong, Suryakiran Vadrevu, Tatyana Gurlo, Alexandra E. Butler, Rohan Subramaniam, Eleni Ritou, Orian S. Shirihai, Leslie S. Satin, Peter C. Butler and Slavica Tudzarova ()
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Chiara Montemurro: University of California, Los Angeles
Hiroshi Nomoto: University of California, Los Angeles
Lina Pei: University of California, Los Angeles
Vishal S. Parekh: University of Michigan
Kenny E. Vongbunyong: University of California, Los Angeles
Suryakiran Vadrevu: University of Michigan
Tatyana Gurlo: University of California, Los Angeles
Alexandra E. Butler: University of California, Los Angeles
Rohan Subramaniam: University of California, Los Angeles
Eleni Ritou: University of California, Los Angeles
Orian S. Shirihai: University of California, Los Angeles
Leslie S. Satin: University of Michigan
Peter C. Butler: University of California, Los Angeles
Slavica Tudzarova: University of California, Los Angeles

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract The islet in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by amyloid deposits derived from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a protein co-expressed with insulin by β-cells. In common with amyloidogenic proteins implicated in neurodegeneration, human IAPP (hIAPP) forms membrane permeant toxic oligomers implicated in misfolded protein stress. Here, we establish that hIAPP misfolded protein stress activates HIF1α/PFKFB3 signaling, this increases glycolysis disengaged from oxidative phosphorylation with mitochondrial fragmentation and perinuclear clustering, considered a protective posture against increased cytosolic Ca2+ characteristic of toxic oligomer stress. In contrast to tissues with the capacity to regenerate, β-cells in adult humans are minimally replicative, and therefore fail to execute the second pro-regenerative phase of the HIF1α/PFKFB3 injury pathway. Instead, β-cells in T2D remain trapped in the pro-survival first phase of the HIF1α injury repair response with metabolism and the mitochondrial network adapted to slow the rate of cell attrition at the expense of β-cell function.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10444-1

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