Electric field dynamics in the brain during multi-electrode transcranial electric stimulation

Ivan Alekseichuk, Arnaud Y. Falchier, Gary Linn, Ting Xu, Michael P. Milham, Charles E. Schroeder and Alexander Opitz ()
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Ivan Alekseichuk: University of Minnesota
Arnaud Y. Falchier: Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
Gary Linn: Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
Ting Xu: Child Mind Institute
Michael P. Milham: Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
Charles E. Schroeder: Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
Alexander Opitz: University of Minnesota

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Neural oscillations play a crucial role in communication between remote brain areas. Transcranial electric stimulation with alternating currents (TACS) can manipulate these brain oscillations in a non-invasive manner. Recently, TACS using multiple electrodes with phase shifted stimulation currents were developed to alter long-range connectivity. Typically, an increase in coordination between two areas is assumed when they experience an in-phase stimulation and a disorganization through an anti-phase stimulation. However, the underlying biophysics of multi-electrode TACS has not been studied in detail. Here, we leverage direct invasive recordings from two non-human primates during multi-electrode TACS to characterize electric field magnitude and phase as a function of the phase of stimulation currents. Further, we report a novel “traveling wave” stimulation where the location of the electric field maximum changes over the stimulation cycle. Our results provide a mechanistic understanding of the biophysics of multi-electrode TACS and enable future developments of novel stimulation protocols.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10581-7

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