Reduced subcutaneous adipogenesis in human hypertrophic obesity is linked to senescent precursor cells

Birgit Gustafson, Annika Nerstedt and Ulf Smith ()
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Birgit Gustafson: the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg
Annika Nerstedt: the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg
Ulf Smith: the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Inappropriate expansion of the adipose cells in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is a characteristic of hypertrophic obesity and of individuals with genetic predisposition for T2D (first-degree relatives; FDR). It is associated with insulin resistance, a dysfunctional, adipose tissue and reduced adipogenesis. We examined the regulation of adipogenesis in human SAT precursor cells and found ZNF521 to be a critical regulator of early adipogenic commitment and precursor cells leaving the cell cycle. However, neither altered upstream signalling nor lack of SAT progenitor cells could explain the reduced adipogenesis in hypertrophic obesity. Instead, we show that progenitor cells undergoing poor differentiation are characterized by senescence, inability to suppress p53/P16INK4 and secretion of factors reducing adipogenesis in non-senescent cells. We found aging, FDR and established T2D to be associated with increased progenitor cell senescence, reduced adipogenesis and hypertrophic expansion of the SAT adipose cells.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10688-x

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