Creating fluorescent quantum defects in carbon nanotubes using hypochlorite and light

Ching-Wei Lin, Sergei M. Bachilo, Yu Zheng, Uyanga Tsedev, Shengnan Huang, R. Bruce Weisman () and Angela M. Belcher ()
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Ching-Wei Lin: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Sergei M. Bachilo: Rice University
Yu Zheng: Rice University
Uyanga Tsedev: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Shengnan Huang: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
R. Bruce Weisman: Rice University
Angela M. Belcher: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Covalent doping of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) can modify their optical properties, enabling applications as single-photon emitters and bio-imaging agents. We report here a simple, quick, and controllable method for preparing oxygen-doped SWCNTs with desirable emission spectra. Aqueous nanotube dispersions are treated at room temperature with NaClO (bleach) and then UV-irradiated for less than one minute to achieve optimized O-doping. The doping efficiency is controlled by varying surfactant concentration and type, NaClO concentration, and irradiation dose. Photochemical action spectra indicate that doping involves reaction of SWCNT sidewalls with oxygen atoms formed by photolysis of ClO− ions. Variance spectroscopy of products reveals that most individual nanotubes in optimally treated samples show both pristine and doped emission. A continuous flow reactor is described that allows efficient preparation of milligram quantities of O-doped SWCNTs. Finally, we demonstrate a bio-imaging application that gives high contrast short-wavelength infrared fluorescence images of vasculature and lymphatic structures in mice injected with only ~100 ng of the doped nanotubes.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10917-3

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