Stabilizing polymer electrolytes in high-voltage lithium batteries

Snehashis Choudhury, Zhengyuan Tu, A. Nijamudheen, Michael J. Zachman, Sanjuna Stalin, Yue Deng, Qing Zhao, Duylinh Vu, Lena F. Kourkoutis, Jose L. Mendoza-Cortes () and Lynden A. Archer ()
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Snehashis Choudhury: Cornell University
Zhengyuan Tu: Cornell University
A. Nijamudheen: Florida A&M–Florida State University, Joint College of Engineering
Michael J. Zachman: Cornell University
Sanjuna Stalin: Cornell University
Yue Deng: Cornell University
Qing Zhao: Cornell University
Duylinh Vu: Cornell University
Lena F. Kourkoutis: Cornell University
Jose L. Mendoza-Cortes: Florida A&M–Florida State University, Joint College of Engineering
Lynden A. Archer: Cornell University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Electrochemical cells that utilize lithium and sodium anodes are under active study for their potential to enable high-energy batteries. Liquid and solid polymer electrolytes based on ether chemistry are among the most promising choices for rechargeable lithium and sodium batteries. However, uncontrolled anionic polymerization of these electrolytes at low anode potentials and oxidative degradation at working potentials of the most interesting cathode chemistries have led to a quite concession in the field that solid-state or flexible batteries based on polymer electrolytes can only be achieved in cells based on low- or moderate-voltage cathodes. Here, we show that cationic chain transfer agents can prevent degradation of ether electrolytes by arresting uncontrolled polymer growth at the anode. We also report that cathode electrolyte interphases composed of preformed anionic polymers and supramolecules provide a fundamental strategy for extending the high voltage stability of ether-based electrolytes to potentials well above conventionally accepted limits.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11015-0

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